CPR masks and shields are essential pieces of equipment used in cardio pulmonary resuscitation. They provide a vital link between the rescuer and the patient, allowing the rescuer to be able to deliver breaths directly into the patient’s airway. CPR masks and shields come in many different styles and types, and it is important for a rescuer to be aware of the various options available in order to select the most appropriate gear for any given situation.
The two main categories of CPR masks and shields are non-rebreathing and supraglottic devices. Non-rebreathing devices (NRDs) are placed over the patient’s entire mouth and nose and form a seal to prevent exhaled air from being inhaled back into the lungs. Supraglottic devices (SGDs) are used when it is not possible to achieve a seal with an NRD, such as in the case of a patient with facial injuries, or when attempting to ventilate children. SGDs include face shields, bag-valve-masks (BVMs), laryngeal masks, and combitubes.
Face shields are made of a clear plastic material that allows the rescuer to view the patient’s airway during ventilation. BVMs consist of a face mask attached to a reservoir bag, which is inflated by squeezing the top of the bag. The BVM can also be connected to oxygen, if available. Laryngeal masks are inserted into the patient’s airway and secured in place by an inflatable cuff. Combitubes are dual lumen tubes that are inserted into the patient’s esophagus, providing an alternative route for ventilation.
When selecting a CPR mask and shield, the rescuer should consider the patient’s age, size, medical condition, and the type of ventilation being performed. For infants and small children, a face shield or BVM should be used. For adolescents and adults, an NRD should be used if possible. If the patient has facial injuries, an SGD should be used instead. For critically ill patients who need more advanced ventilation, such as mechanical ventilation, laryngeal masks and combitubes can be used.
It is also important to ensure that the CPR mask and shield is properly fitted and secured. Face shields should be tightly sealed around the edges of the patient’s face and NRD masks should be secured with a strap around the head. BVMs and SGDs should be held gently in place with one hand, while the other hand is used to squeeze the reservoir bag. The patient’s chest should rise and fall evenly with each breath given.
CPR masks and shields are essential tools for performing cardio pulmonary resuscitation. It is important for the rescuer to be familiar with the different types of masks and shields that are available and to select the most appropriate device for the patient’s age, size, and condition. Proper fitting and securing of the mask and shield is also essential for effective ventilation. With the right equipment and knowledge, rescuers can successfully provide lifesaving CPR to those in need.
